Alpaca Wool vs Merino Wool: Which is Better?

When the temperature drops and the need for warmth becomes undeniable, the choice of wool can make all the difference. Alpaca and merino wool are two of the most sought-after materials for winter wear, each offering a unique set of benefits. But how do you know which one is right for you?

Maybe you’ve heard that alpaca is the ultimate in warmth, while merino is celebrated for its softness and breathability. The truth is, both types of wool bring something special to the table, and the best choice for you depends on what you value most—whether it’s insulation, comfort, durability, or even environmental impact. 

In this article, we’ll compare alpaca wool and merino wool in detail, looking at everything from where they come from to how they perform in different conditions. By understanding these key differences, you can make a decision that not only meets your needs but also keeps you cosy all winter long.

Origin and Production

Where Alpaca Wool Comes From

Alpaca wool is sourced from the alpaca, a domesticated species native to the Andes Mountains in South America, particularly Peru. These animals have been bred for thousands of years by the indigenous people of the region, and their wool is valued for its softness and warmth. Today, while Peru remains the largest producer, alpaca farms are also found in the USA, Canada, Australia, and Europe. Alpaca wool is often produced on small, family-owned farms, which contributes to its unique qualities and ensures a high standard of animal care.

Where Merino Wool Comes From

Merino wool, on the other hand, comes from the Merino sheep, a breed originally from Spain but now predominantly found in Australia and New Zealand. These countries are the leading producers of merino wool, thanks to their large-scale sheep farming operations. Merino wool is known for its fineness and softness, which is achieved through selective breeding and specific farming practices.

Softness and Comfort of the Fibre

Micron Count and Fibre Texture

One of the primary factors in determining the softness of wool is its micron count—a measure of the diameter of the wool fibres. Merino wool typically has a micron count ranging from 11 to 24 microns, making it one of the finest types of wool available. This fineness results in a soft texture that is often compared to cashmere. Alpaca wool has a slightly broader range, with fibres usually measuring between 15 to 25 microns. Despite this, alpaca fibre is also incredibly soft, especially when sourced from younger animals, often referred to as "baby alpaca".

Prickle Factor and Skin Sensitivity

For those with sensitive skin, the "prickle factor" is a significant consideration. This itchy sensation often comes from coarser wool fibres that poke into the skin.

Both alpaca and merino wool can be soft and non-irritating when processed correctly. Merino wool’s finer micron count generally makes it less likely to cause itching compared to other types of wool, including some coarser varieties of alpaca wool. 

However, high-quality alpaca wool, especially that with a lower micron count, is also known for being hypoallergenic, making it an excellent choice for those prone to skin irritation. 

Plus, merino wool contains lanolin, a natural oil found in sheep wool, which can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, making alpaca wool a safer option for sensitive skin.

Warmth and Insulation

Heat Retention Capabilities

When it comes to warmth, alpaca wool has a distinct advantage. The fibres of alpaca wool are hollow, which means they trap more air than merino wool, making it warmer. This feature makes alpaca wool garments an excellent choice for extremely cold climates. In fact, alpaca wool is often considered to be at least three times warmer than merino wool.

Merino wool, while not as warm as alpaca, offers excellent insulation and is highly effective in regulating body temperature. This makes merino wool versatile for a range of conditions, from cold to mild climates. Its natural breathability allows it to keep you warm in the cold and cool in the heat, making it ideal for outdoor activities.

Suitable Conditions for Each Wool

For extreme cold, such as during winter expeditions or cold-weather camping, alpaca wool is the superior choice due to its exceptional warmth. Merino wool, with its versatility, is better suited for a wider range of activities and weather conditions, from hiking to everyday wear in cooler climates.

Breathability and Wick

How Each Wool Handles Moisture

Both alpaca and merino wool are naturally moisture-wicking, meaning they can pull moisture away from your skin and allow it to evaporate. This feature is particularly beneficial for outdoor enthusiasts and athletes, as it helps keep you dry and comfortable. While both types of wool excel in this area, merino wool is often regarded as slightly better at moisture management due to its finer fibres and superior breathability.

Odour Resistance and Antimicrobial Properties

Another benefit shared by both alpaca and merino wool is their natural odour resistance. The fibres of these wools are naturally antimicrobial, which means they resist the growth of bacteria that can cause unpleasant smells. This makes both materials ideal for garments that you may need to wear for extended periods without washing, such as hiking socks or outdoor gear.

Durability and Care

Longevity of Alpaca vs. Merino Wool

Alpaca wool is known for its strength and durability. The fibres are more resistant to pilling and wear, which means garments made from alpaca wool tend to last longer than those made from merino wool. However, merino wool is prized for its elasticity, which allows it to stretch and return to its original shape without losing its structure. This makes merino wool particularly suitable for garments that require flexibility, such as activewear.

Care Instructions

Both alpaca and merino wool require careful handling when it comes to washing and drying. It’s essential to use cool water and avoid high heat to prevent shrinking and damage. Hand washing or using a delicate machine cycle with a wool-specific detergent is recommended. Air drying is best to maintain the quality of the wool. For more detailed guidance, check out our helpful guide on how to wash an alpaca blanket.

Environmental Impact of Merino Wool vs Alpaca Wool

Sustainability of Alpaca Wool

Alpaca wool is often considered more sustainable than other types of wool. Alpacas are low-impact animals, requiring less food and water than sheep. Additionally, alpaca wool is available in a wide range of natural colours, reducing the need for chemical dyes. This not only makes alpaca wool more environmentally friendly but also better for people with sensitivities to synthetic dyes.

Sustainability of Merino Wool

While merino wool production is more resource-intensive due to the larger scale of sheep farming, many producers are adopting more sustainable practices. This includes better land management, animal welfare considerations, and efforts to reduce the carbon footprint of wool production. However, the overall environmental impact is still higher compared to alpaca wool.

To learn more about why alpaca is superior in terms of sustainability and comfort, be sure to read our blog post on why alpaca is superior.

Aesthetic and Style Considerations

Colour and Dyeing

One of the aesthetic advantages of alpaca wool is its availability in a wide range of natural colours, from white and grey to various shades of brown and black. This variety often means less need for dyeing, which is better for the environment and those with dye sensitivities. Merino wool, predominantly white, is more commonly dyed, offering a broader spectrum of colours but with a higher environmental cost.

Fashion Applications

In fashion, both alpaca and merino wool have their places. Alpaca wool, with its luxurious feel and natural sheen, is often used in high-end garments and accessories like alpaca socks, scarves, hats, and blankets. The softness of alpaca fleece makes it particularly suitable for creating comfortable and stylish sweaters.

Merino wool, known for its fine texture and elasticity, is popular in active wear and base layers. It provides warmth without bulk, making it ideal for layering in various outfits. Both materials offer unique benefits, but the versatility of alpaca wool in fashion is evident in the range of products from sweaters to socks, showcasing its adaptability in different styles and climates.

Comparing Alpaca, Merino, and Cashmere

When comparing alpaca, merino, and cashmere, each wool type offers distinct benefits. Alpaca wool is known for its superior warmth due to its hollow fibres, making it warmer than both merino and cashmere. It is also hypoallergenic and less prone to pilling, which contributes to its durability.

Merino wool, while not as warm as alpaca, excels in breathability and moisture-wicking, making it ideal for activewear and various climates. It’s also softer than regular wool, with a fine micron count that rivals cashmere. 

Cashmere, derived from the undercoat of cashmere goats, is prized for its unmatched softness and luxury feel. However, it is less durable than alpaca and merino and requires more delicate care. Cashmere is also the most expensive of the three, making it a luxury choice rather than a practical one for everyday wear.

Conclusion: Which Wool is Better?

Alpaca wool offers exceptional warmth, durability, and hypoallergenic properties, making it an excellent choice for those seeking superior comfort and longevity in their wool products. Its hollow fibres provide more warmth than merino wool, while its durability ensures long-lasting wear. Alpaca’s natural hypoallergenic qualities make it ideal for sensitive skin.

Merino wool, while versatile and breathable, falls short in warmth and durability when compared to alpaca. For those prioritising maximum warmth, softness, and a wool that stands up to the test of time, alpaca wool is the preferable option. For more versatility across different activities and climates, merino remains a solid choice, but alpaca’s unique benefits make it a standout in many situations.

For those interested in experiencing the luxury of alpaca wool, explore our ÄYA Alpaca throw blankets and ÄYA Alpaca apparel. These products not only offer the comfort and warmth of alpaca wool but also come from sustainable and ethical sources, ensuring you make a choice that's good for both you and the environment.

FAQs

Is alpaca wool warmer than merino wool?

Yes, alpaca wool is generally warmer than merino wool due to its hollow fibres, which trap more heat.

Which wool is softer, alpaca or merino?

Both are soft, but merino wool typically has a finer texture due to its lower micron count, making it feel slightly softer on the skin.

Can alpaca wool be worn in summer?

Yes, alpaca wool can be worn in summer as it is highly breathable and temperature-regulating, much like merino wool.

Is alpaca wool hypoallergenic?

Yes, alpaca wool is naturally hypoallergenic, making it a good choice for those with sensitive skin.